排水系统的设计

产品	InstalSystem 5
文章类型	DESIGNING LESSON
版本的最新内容	2021-12-17

课程内容

本文介绍了建筑内部的卫生设备和建筑物排污口之间的重力排水系统的基本设计方法。

模块和软件的配置

• InstalSystem 5 需带有如下模块:
  • 室内重力排水系统

初始状态

项目包含模板文件中配置的完整省却数据。建筑结构也已根据DWG布局做了详细说明。

设计步骤

打开项目文件

1. 创建新项目的设计时，请从列表中选择包含排水系统省却数据的模板。
2. (或): 导入现有建筑结构的文件 - 至少应包括正确的纵坐标和楼板厚度。如果设计文件是使用了不包括排水系统的配置创建的，请从相应模板中导入排水系统常规数据。

更多信息，见： 模板文件

在INSTALSYSTEM中的项目案例

项目文件 如何计算下载的文件?	Initial state, isproj Sewage installation, isproj
设计时使用	InstalSystem 5 Rev. 22.1
所需模块	基本模块 室内重力排水系统
项目范围	Sewage installation
所用的产品目录	Standard water taps and whiteware PP HT pipes acc. to EN1451
建筑类型	residential building with basement 3-storey
建筑结构	Base drawing all storeys, dwg
图纸范围	Plan view
设计者	www.instalsoft.com
法律免责声明	The whole file or parts of the project may be copied
计算结果	Results, pdf
设计图纸	Full printout, dwg Storage, pdf Ground floor, pdf Attic floor, pdf

编辑项目的一般参数

选择 排水系统计算.

检查对排水系统几何形状有重大影响的数据，这些数据是每个项目独有的：

• 排水口至外部管网的默认深度（相对于所设计的“正负零”标高），同时考虑地面标高，
• 各层的楼板厚度和回填层厚度 - 注意！这可能会影响本文件中先前所做的其他系统或正在做的系统的设计。排水装置放置在地板上或与地板表面的预定距离处。

当在没有排水模块和专用设计模板的软件包中所创建的文件上开始工作时，可能需要进一步调整一般参数：

1. 在排水系统计算 选项卡上指定：
   • 计算标准和选项:
     • 在计算标准 选项卡上选择当地适宜的标准，
     • 建筑类型,
     • 根据设计要求和适用法规规定最小坡度，
     • 为器具排水管的连接方向控制 指定省缺的方向，
     • 对于选定的方向，定义排水横支管在立管上的连接点与地面完成面的距离 的默认值，该值将应用于项目中的所有楼层，然后可以在选定的楼层上单独修改，
     • 省缺的管路充满度。

1.在计算标准和选项 选项卡上指定坡度和充满度

• 在 水力分配系统 选项卡上，对于有关如下部件，指定 默认类型和参数：
  • 默认的管材类型: 排水 / 通气管 对于各种位置的排水管道,
  • 管路连接的默认方式 - 选取的管材取决于给定位置默认管道目录的内容，
  • 默认类型: 其它部件.

2.在默认类型和参数 选项卡中选择 默认的管材类型: 排水 / 通气管 并更改默认类型: 其它部件

• In the 卫生器具 table assign data with regard to:
  • 默认的连接系统 - from the pipe folder specified for the connections select the appropriate system for the given fixture type,
  • 其它卫生器具的连接系统 - common selection for the remianing fixture types.

3.In the 卫生器具 tab specify 默认支架, 默认的连接系统, 其它卫生器具的连接系统

• Editing data in the 楼层管理 project section
  • For storeys with a drainage network, determine the required value of 排水立管转成排水横管的拐点, "Auto" means letting the program decide this depending on the location of the sewage outlet. By specifying a value manually, we can e.g. impose the location of the main sewer under the basement ceiling.
  • 器具排水管的连接方向控制 - change if on a given storey the value is different from that set out in the general data above,
  • 排水横支管在立管上的连接点与地面完成面的距离 - negative values mean placing junctions on risers in plumbing shafts within a floor or ceiling slab, which may be necessary to maintain proper gradients from low-placed fixture outlets.

4.For each storey the 排水横支管在立管上的连接点与地面完成面的距离 can be modified

Editing the installation and its data

Editing the installation structure

• Insert sanitary appliances, if these were not included in the file, e.g. from a previously completed design of water supply system 更多信息，见： Editing sanitary installation,
• Define the location and data for the 立管: range of storeys, termination 通气管,
• Insert the 生活污水排出口 and verify its position in the model,
• Connect the appliances with the 立管 using the 管路 components. ATTENTION! In the drainage system this component always consists of a single section.
• On the storey where 生活污水排出口 is placed, connect it with the 立管, to form the collector sewer. The collector sewer elevation is by default adjusted to the posion of the 生活污水排出口, unless the value of 排水立管转成排水横管的拐点 has been specified manually.

Verifying the correctness of the installation structure.

• Verify the connectness of the connections of the installation components using the 检查连接 function (Shortcut: Shift + F2). ATTENTION! For some types of appliances where the approach direction should be perpendicular to the object (e.g. toilet with a tail outlet), this function automatically creates short pipe-runs immediately next to the appliance to ensure this perpendicularity.
• Verify the correctness of the installation structure and detect collisions with other systems using the 3D视图, if necessary, enabling the view of other editing ranges, it is advisable to turn off the display of walls
  

  

  5. Verifying the correctness of the drainage installation structure using the 3D视图

  
  
• Verify provisionally the vertical routing of pipe-runs in the model (calculations may alter this).
• Specify, if necessary: the elevations of the ends of the pipe-runs (paying attention to constraints resulting from their connection to other components), the actual gradients of pipe-runs.

ATTENTION! Following such changes, verification must be repeated.

Editing installation components data

• Verify and adjust the drainage-specific data of the appliances (DU, outlet diameter)
• If necessary, verify and adjust pipe-run data other than the default (pipe type, diameter setting, location)

Running the calculations

If no errors are found during verification, start the calculation of the 排水系统计算 by clicking in the 计算 section of the toolbar.

The calculations finally determine the vertical routing of the pipe-runs.

Verification of results

• After calculations, the system layout should be verified visually by means of the 3D view
  

  

  6. Visual verification of pipe routing using the 3D视图 function

  
  
• The dimensioned diameters of the pipe-runs and fittings can be verified directly in the drawings
  

  

  7. Verification of the dimensioned pipe-run diameters using the pipe-run properties window

  
  
• Other forms of presentation of calculation results are component labels and tables of results 更多信息，见： Presentation of the calculations result
  

  

  8. 一般结果 - 排水

  
  

Generating schematic views

The schematic view will be generated automatically as described 更多信息，见： Automatically generate schematic views

Preparing drawings for export/printing

1. To have the results for pipe-runs included in the printout, labels must be inserted 更多信息，见： Preparation of drawings for export / printing
2. Completed drawings can be printed and/or exported 更多信息，见： Export / print results and drawings